Gold is measured using the troy system (french):
1 grain = 1 french wheat seed (grain)
1 pennyweight = 24 grains (1 old time french penny)
1 troy ounce = 20 pennyweight
Weight Equivalents:
1 troy ounce = 20 pennyweight
1 troy ounce = 1.097 ordinary ounces
1 troy ounce = 480 grains
1 troy ounce = 31.1 grams
1000 troy ounces = 31.1 kilograms
1 gram = .03215 troy ounces
1 kilogram = 32.15 troy ounces
1 tonne = 32,151 troy ounces
1 avoirdupois (ordinary) ounce = .911 troy ounces
1 avoirdupois (ordinary) pound = 14.58 troy ounces
Water Equivalents:
4 quarts = 1 gallon = 231 cubic inches
31-1/2 gallons = 1 barrel
weight of 1 gallon of water = 8.34 pounds
weight of 1 cubic foot of water = 62.4.pounds
1 cubic foot of water contains 7.5 gallons, approximately
1 miner's inch = 1-1/2 cubic feet per minute
Tyler Standard Screen Scale:
Mesh Opening mm Nearest fraction
3.............6.68.............1/4
4.............4.70.............3/16
6.............3.32.............1/8
8.............2.36.............3/32
10.............1.65.............1/16
14.............1.16.............3/64
20.............0.83.............1/32
35.............0.41.............1/64
Specific Gravity (water = 1.0):
Gold 15.6-19.4
Platinum 14-19.0
Silver 10-11.0
Galena 7.4
Pyrite 5.0
Magnetite (black sand) 5.1
Rutile (black sand) 4.1
Ilmenite (black sand) 4.5
Mica 2.7
Quartz 2.6
ORES: associated with gold and silver:
-------------------------------------S.G.
(Gold) Iron pyrites--------------4.8-5.2
Copper pyrites-------------------4. 0-4. 3
(Silver) Galena------------------7.2-7.7
Glance (silver)------------------7.2-7.4
Ruby silver (dark)---------------5.74 9
Ruby silver (light)--------------5.54.6
Brittle silver (sulphide)--------5.24.3
Horn silver----------------------5.5-5.6
Size chart related to a common 6mm BB. Where a
BB sized particle is pure gold.
BBs 'grain' 'gram' 'dwt' Troy ozt Avdp oz
01 34 2.18 1.40 0.07 0.08
02 67 4.36 2.81 0.14 0.15
03 101 6.55 4.21 0.21 0.23
04 135 8.73 5.61 0.28 0.31
05 168 10.91 7.02 0.35 0.38
06 202 13.09 8.42 0.42 0.46
07 236 15.28 9.82 0.49 0.54
08 269 17.46 11.23 0.56 0.62
09 303 19.64 12.63 0.63 0.69
10 337 21.82 14.03 0.70 0.77
11 370 24.01 15.44 0.77 0.85
12 404 26.19 16.84 0.84 0.92
13 438 28.37 18.24 0.91 1.00
14 472 30.55 19.65 0.98 1.08
15 505 32.74 21.05 1.05 1.15
16 539 34.92 22.45 1.12 1.23
17 573 37.10 23.86 1.19 1.31
18 606 39.28 25.26 1.26 1.39
19 640 41.47 26.66 1.33 1.46
20 674 43.65 28.07 1.40 1.54
21 707 45.83 29.47 1.47 1.62
22 741 48.01 30.87 1.54 1.69
23 775 50.20 32.28 1.61 1.77
24 808 52.38 33.68 1.68 1.85
25 842 54.56 35.08 1.75 1.92
26 876 56.74 36.49 1.82 2.00
27 909 58.93 37.89 1.89 2.08
28 943 61.11 39.29 1.96 2.16
29 977 63.29 40.70 2.03 2.23
30 1010 65.47 42.10 2.10 2.31
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